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Low-Carbon Steels

•          Unresponsive to heat treatments intended to form martensite; strengthening is accomplished by cold work

•          Microstructures: ferrite and pearlite

•          Relatively soft and weak, but having outstanding ductility and toughness

•          Typically, s_y = 275 MPa, s_UT = 415~550 MPa, and ductility = 25%EL

•          Machinable, weldable, and, of all steels, are the least expensive to produce

•          Applications: automobile body components, structural shapes, and sheets used in pipelines, buildings, bridges, etc. 

Professional Organizations

•          AISI

                American Iron and Steel Institute

•          SAE

                Society of Automotive Engineers

•          ASTM

                American Society for Testing and Materials

•          UNS

                Uniform Numbering System

Classification of Steels

•          Low-carbon steels

–        Less than 0.25 wt%C

•          Medium-carbon steels

–        0.25 ~ 0.60 wt%C

•          High-carbon steels

–        0.60 ~ 1.4 wt%C

Metal Alloys

Metal Alloys

•          Ferrous Alloys

–        Classification of Steels

–        Designation of Steels

•          Nonferrous Alloys

–        Aluminum

–        Copper

–        Magnesium

–        Titanium

–        Refractory metals

–        Superalloys

–        Noble metals